Mumps or Parotitis

Infectious diseases where a person is infected by a virus (paramyxovirus) which attacks the salivary glands (parotid glands) in the ear and the jaw that causes swelling of the neck of the top or bottom cheek. Parotitis Mumps or scattered around the world and can occur in endemic or epidemic, this disorder tends to attack children aged 2-12 years. In adults, this infection attacks the testes (testicles), central nervous system, pancreas, prostate, breast and other organs. Those who use or consume certain drugs to suppress the thyroid gland hormones and their Iodine deficiency in the body at greater risk for suffering or contracting this disease.

• Transmission of Mumps or Parotitis

Mumps spread of the virus can be transmitted through direct contact, splashing saliva, vomit material, possibly with urine. The virus can be found in the urine from the first day until the fourteenth day after the enlargement of the gland. Mumps disease is extremely rare in children younger than 2 years, it is because generally they still have or be protected by good anti-bodies. Someone who had suffered from mumps disease, then he will have lifetime immunity.

• Signs and Symptoms of Mumps or Parotitis

The period of bud (incubation period) Mumps disease approximately 12-24 days with an average of 17-18 days. Signs and symptoms that arise after infection and the development of the buds can be described sdebagai follows:
• In the early stages (1-2 days) Mumps sufferers experience symptoms of fever (body temperature 38.5 - 40 degrees Celsius), headaches, muscle aches, loss of appetite, pain when chewing the back of the jaw and occasionally accompanied by stiff jaw (hard open mouth).
• Then there swollen glands under the ears (parotid), begins with swelling of one side of the gland and then the two have swollen glands.
• Swelling usually lasts about 3 days and then gradually deflated.
• Sometimes, swelling occurs in the glands under the jaw (submandibular) and the glands under the tongue (sublingual). In the men behind adalanya legally scrotal swelling (testes) because of the spread through the bloodstream.

• Diagnosis of Mumps or Parotitis

Diagnosis is established when there is clearly a symptom of infection in pemeirksaan physical epidemika parotitis, including details of contact with patients Mumps 2-3 weeks earlier.

• Laboratory Examination

In addition to leucopenia with relative limfosiotsis, also showed that the increase in serum amylase levels that reached a peak after one week and then be back to normal within two weeks. If it does not appear swollen glands under the ears, but other signs and symptoms of mumps disease that leads to doubt the diagnosis. Doctors will give an order to do further tests such as blood serum. At less there are 3 test serum (serologic) to prove the specific mumps antibodies: antibodies, complement fixation (CF), Hemagglutination inhibitor antibodies (HI), virus neutralizing antibodies (NT).

• Complications Due to Illness Mumps

Almost all children who suffer from mumps will recover fully without complications, but sometimes the symptoms come back worse after about 2 weeks. This condition can cause complications, which the virus can invade organs other than salivary glands. This may occur especially if the infection occurs after puberty.
Below are the complications that can occur due to handling or a lack of early treatment:
• Ovoritis of inflammation in one or both ovaries TELUS. Arise mild abdominal pain and rarely causes sterility.
• Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, can occur at the end of the first week. Patients feel the nausea and vomiting accompanied by abdominal pain. These symptoms will disappear within 1 week and patients will recover completely.
• Orchitis is inflammation of one or both testicles. After recovery, the affected testis may shrink. Rarely testicular permanent damage resulting in infertility.
• Encephalitis or meningitis which is inflammation of the brain or the lining of the brain. Symptoms include headache, neck stiffness, drowsiness, coma or convulsions. 5-10% have meningitis and most patients will recover completely. 1 in 400-6000 patients experiencing enserfalitis likely suffered brain damage or permanent nerve, such as deafness or paralysis of facial muscles.
• Inflammation of the kidney can cause sufferers out of the thick urine in significant amounts
• Inflammation of the joints can cause pain in one or several joints.

• Mumps Disease Treatment

The purpose of treatment to reduce patient complaints and rest during the hot and swollen parotid. Can be used in heat and pain relief medication (antipyretics and analgesics) Aspirin should not be given to children because it has the risk of Reye's syndrome.

In patients who experience swelling of the testicles, the patient should undergo a rest bed rest in bed. The pain can be reduced with ice compress on the swollen testicle area. While patients who experienced a virus attack apada organ pancreas, the cause of symptoms of nausea and vomiting should be given fluids intravenously.

Corticosteroids for 2-4 days and 20 ml of convalescent gammaglobulin is expected to prevent the occurrence of orchitis. Against the virus itself can not be influenced by the anti-microbial, so treatment is only oriented to relieve symptoms until the patient returned either by itself.

Mumps disease was classified in the "self-limiting disease." Patients should avoid food or drink that is acidic so that pain from getting worse, given the liquid diet and soft diet.

• Mumps Disease Prevention

Mumps vaccination is part of routine immunization in childhood, namely immunization MMR (mumps, morbili, rubella) given by injection at the age of 15 months. MMR immunization can also be given to adolescents and adults who have not had Mumps. This immunization does not cause heat or other symptoms. Simply eating foods that contain iodine levels, can reduce the risk of mumps disease attack.